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Biology of Diaprepes abbreviatus
By Phil Stansly
Southwest Florida Research and Education Center
Immokalee, Florida
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Diaprepes is thought to have originated in the Caribbean where it was known principally as a pest of sugarcane, but also of citrus and other crops. Not surprisingly, the earliest biological studies of D. abbreviatus were conducted in the Carabbean, most notably by G. N. Wolcott (1933, 1936) in Puerto Rico. Focus shifted to Florida after the weevil was detected in 1964 (Woodruff, 1964), with studies of, Beavers and Selhime (1975a), Beavers (1982), and later Quintela et. al., 1998, Rogers et al., 2000. Results from all these authors were consistent in reporting long and variable development time and low survivorship in the laboratory. Beavers (1982) even thought that prolonged larval development would "preclude mass rearing". However, more
recent studies (LaPointe and Shapiro, 1999, LaPointe 2000) have shown, time and variation can be reduced by holding constant temperature and moisture content of the artificial diet substrate. This result will markedly increase the efficiency of rearing facilities. Still to be clarified is the way in which temperature, humidity, host plant quality and possibly other factors interact in the field to determine the observed annual patterns of abundance.
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Acknowledgement
Thanks to S. L. Lapointe for reviewing the manuscript.
References Used
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Adair, R. C. Jr. 1994. A four-year field trial of entomopathogenic nematodes for control of Diaprepes abbreviatus in a flatwoods citrus grove. Proc. Fla. Hort. Soc. 107:63-68.
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Beavers, J. B. 1982. biology of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) reared on an artificial diet. Flo. Entomol. 65:263-269
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Beavers, J. B. and G. G. Selhime. 1975a. Development of Diaprepes abbreviatus on potted citrus seedlings. Fla. Entomol. 58:271-273.
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Beavers, J. B. and G. G. Selhime. 1975b. Population dynamics of Diaprepes abbreviatus in an isolated citrus grove in central Florida. J. Econ. Entomol. 69:9-10.
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LaPointe, S. L. and J. P. Shapiro. 1999. Effect of soil moisture on development of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: curculionidae). Flo. Entomol 82:291-299.
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LaPointe, S. L. 2000. Thermal requirements for development of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: curculionidae). Environ. Entomol. (In Press).
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Quintela, E. D. J. Fan and C. W. McCoy. 1998. Development of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: curculionidae) on artificial and citrus root substrates. J. Econ. Ent. 91:1173-1179.
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Rogers, S,. C. W. McCoy and J. H. Grahm. 2000. Larval growth of Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculiionidae) and resulting root injury to three citrus varieties in two soil types. J. Econ. Entomol. 93: In press.
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Schroeder, W.J. 1981. Attraction, mating and ovipostion behavior in field populations of Diaprepes abbreviatus. Environ. Entomol. 10:898-900.
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Schroeder, W.J. 1987. Induced pupation in Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Flo Entomol 70:186-187.
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Stansly, P.A., R.F. Mizell, and C.W. McCoy. 1997. Monitoring Diaprepes abbreviatus with Tedders traps in southwest Florida citrus. Florida State Horticulture Society 110: 22-26.
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Wolcott, G. N. 1933. The larval period of Diaprepes abbreviatus at Rio Piedras, P.R. J. Agric., Univ. of P.R. 17:257-264
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Wolcott, G. N. 1936. The life history of Diaprepes abbreviatus L. J. Agric., Univ. of P.R. 20:883-914.
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Woodruff, R. E. 1964. A Puerto Rican weevil new to the United States (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Fla. Dep. Agric. Div. Plant Ind. Entomol. Circ. 30: 1-2.
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